![]() ![]() As a part of MAPK pathway, ERK1/2 is required for the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 19 forced skeletal muscle mass ( 10), but in chick embryos, the activation of FGF-ERK signaling pathway diminished myogenic differentiation ( 11). Compared with the well-studied Wnt and Shh signaling, both positive and negative roles of ERK1/2 in myogenic differentiation have been suggested. Similarly, Shh promotes differentiation of chicken adult myoblasts and mouse myogenic C2 cells ( 9). As an ancient signaling pathway, Wnt signaling induces myogenic differentiation ( 6, 7) and inhibits adipogenesis ( 8). The differentiation of myogenic or adipogenic precursors are complicatedly regulated by many intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as Wingless/Integrated (Wnt), Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and growth factors, which further activate growth factor–mediated pathways, including the MAPK pathway. Thus, the differentiation balance between myogenic and adipogenic precursors is crucial for skeletal muscle homeostasis and considerably significant. Myogenesis and adipogenesis within skeletal muscle proceed competitively in the same environment ( 3), and skeletal muscle integrity can be debilitated by the formation of intramuscular adipose tissue, typically in advanced cases of Duchenne muscular dystrophy ( 4) and sarcopenia ( 5). Recent studies have shown that myocytes and adipocytes within skeletal muscle are derived from common mesenchymal stem cells, which diverge into myogenic or adipogenic lineage during early embryogenesis ( 2). Meanwhile, skeletal muscle is also a site where ectopic adipose tissue occurs ( 1). Skeletal muscle is vital for healthy life considering its function in movement and physical activity. Dynamic membrane proteome of adipogenic and myogenic precursors in skeletal muscle highlights EPHA2 may promote myogenic differentiation through ERK signaling. Collectively, our study provided an insight into the distinct MBP profile between myogenic and adipogenic precursors in skeletal muscle and served as a solid basis for supporting the role of MBPs in regulating differentiation.-Zhang, X., Wang, L., Qiu, K., Xu, D., Yin, J. Noteworthily, EPHA2 was required for myogenic differentiation, and it may promote myogenic differentiation through ERK signaling. ![]() Furthermore, key MBPs in regulating cell differentiation were also characterized, including ITGB3, ITGAV, ITPR3, and EPHA2. Functional enrichment analysis uncovered that myogenic and adipogenic precursors showed significant differences in cytoskeleton organization, syncytium formation, environmental information processing, and organismal systems. A total of 85 differentially expressed MBPs ( P < 0.05 and fold change ≥1.2 or ≤0.83) between 2 precursors were detected via isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) assay, including 67 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated in myogenic precursors. Adipogenic and myogenic precursors with divergent differentiation potential were isolated from the longissimus dorsi muscle of neonatal pigs by the preplate method. Given the vital role of membrane proteins (MBPs) in cell signal perception, membrane proteomics was conducted to delineate mechanisms regulating differentiation of adipogenic and myogenic precursors in skeletal muscle. ![]() The balance of myogenic and adipogenic differentiation is crucial for skeletal muscle homeostasis. ![]()
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